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Images: finding, using and referencing

Academic use of images

In-text citations and reference list entry


In-text citation

  • When citing images in Harvard style in the text of a paper, the creator's last name and the date of creation of the image are included in brackets: (Creator, 2022). 
  • If there is no creator, a title can be used instead: (Title, 2022). 
  • If there is no title, use the information that is first in the reference list citation entry. 
  • If the image is from a book, use a page number: (Creator, 2022, 7).

 

Reference list

There is some variation in how reference list entries are constructed depending on where the images are found.  A general example is as follows:

Creator, A. (Year of production or publication). Title of work [Description, Medium, or other relevant information]. Retrieval information or location of work. Date accessed.

Captions

Banksy art of child falling with a full shopping trolley entitled Shop until you drop

 

Alternatives:

Fig. 1. Shop until you drop (Banksy, 2011)

Fig. 1. Banksy (2011) Shop until you drop

Just be consistent…

List of figures or Illustrations

In the text: (see fig. 1.) (Banksy, 2011) or Banksy (2011)

In the List of figures or Illustrations:

Figure 1. Banksy (2011) Shop until you drop. [Graffitti Art] Available from https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shop_Until
_You_Drop_by_Banksy.JPG [accessed 2 November 2018]

In-text and reference list example (online sources)

In-text citation examples

The art work comments on the commercialisation of society (Banksy, 2011)

Banksy (2011) created the 'Shop until you drop' art piece located in London's Mayfair.

Reference list or bibliography entry

Banksy (2011) Shop until you drop. Available from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shop_Until_You
_Drop_by_Banksy.JPG [accessed 2 November 2018]

In-text and reference list example (books)

In-text citation

(Burton, 1990)

Reference list or bibliography entry

Burton, T. (1990) Untitled (Edward Scissorhands) [Illustration]. In: Burton, T. (2024) Designing worlds. London: Design Museum